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B8 · BioenergeticsAQA GCSE Biology · 8461 (Triple)

Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis equation, chloroplasts, limiting factors, uses of glucose, interactions of limiting factors (Higher). Appears on every Paper 2.

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MrExhamPhotosynthesis — equation and limiting factors
CognitoLimiting factors and interactions (Higher)
Key facts & methods

Photosynthesis equation and basics — fill in the table

TermDetail
Word equation
Symbol equation
Reaction type
Light absorption
Gas and water entry

Limiting factors — fill in the table

FactorEffect on rate
Limiting factor (definition)
Light intensity
CO2 concentration
Temperature
Chlorophyll concentration

Interactions of limiting factors (Higher)

  • More than one factor can interact. Graphs show rate vs light intensity at different CO₂/temperature levels.
  • At low light: light is the limiting factor regardless of CO₂ or temperature.
  • At high light + high CO₂ + high temperature: maximum rate achieved — all factors optimal.
  • Top line on graph = high CO₂ AND high temperature. Lines plateau when light is no longer limiting.
  • Greenhouses: horticulturalists control all factors (add CO₂, use heaters, artificial lights) to maximise growth.

Uses of glucose from photosynthesis — fill in the table

UseDetail
Respiration
Starch
Cellulose
Proteins
Fats and oils
Starch test
Exam questions — 5 questions · 10 marks · AQA 8461 style
⚡ Show all reasoning — the AI marks against the AQA mark scheme. Partial credit for correct biology even if wording differs.
4 marksLimiting factors graphAQA 8461 P2 style

A student measures the rate of photosynthesis of pondweed at different light intensities, first at 15°C and then at 25°C. At low light intensities the two lines are identical, but at high light intensities the 25°C line gives a higher rate. Explain these results. (4 marks)

Hint: Two separate regions to explain: low light (same) and high light (different). Think about which factor is limiting in each region.
+40 XP
4 marksUses of glucoseAQA 8461 style

Glucose produced in photosynthesis can be used in several ways. Describe THREE ways a plant uses glucose, other than respiration. For each, state the purpose. (3 marks)

Hint: Name the molecule glucose is converted to AND explain what it is used for. Three separate points needed.
+40 XP
1 markPhotosynthesis equationAQA 8461 style

Which gas is produced during photosynthesis and used in aerobic respiration?

A Carbon dioxide
B Nitrogen
C Oxygen
D Hydrogen
3 marksStarch test required practicalAQA 8461 style

A student tests a leaf for starch using iodine solution. (a) What colour change indicates starch is present? (b) Why must the leaf be boiled in ethanol first? (c) Why is starch tested rather than glucose? (3 marks)

Hint: (a) Specific colour change. (b) Purpose of ethanol step. (c) Chemical property that makes starch detectable.
+30 XP
1 markLimiting factor identificationAQA 8461 style

A plant is given high light intensity and high CO₂ but the rate of photosynthesis does not increase beyond a certain point. What is most likely to be the limiting factor?

A Light intensity
B CO₂ concentration
C Temperature
D Water
Quick recall flashcards

Module complete! 🎉

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