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Unit 8 · ShapePearson Edexcel IGCSE · 4MA1 Higher

Transformations & Vectors

Rotation, reflection, translation, enlargement (including negative and fractional SF). Vectors — addition, subtraction, proof.

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Corbett MathsTransformations — rotation, reflection, translation
Corbett MathsVectors — addition, subtraction and proof
GCSE Maths TutorRotations | Drawing and Describing Rotations | Transformations | GCSE Maths Tutor
GCSE Maths TutorVectors & Vector Proofs (Vector Geometry) | Grade 9 Maths Series | GCSE Maths Tutor
Key facts & methods

Transformations — fill in the table

TransformationDescribed by
Translation
Rotation
Reflection
Enlargement
Congruent vs similar

Vectors — fill in the table

TermRule
Notation
Column vector (x/y)
Add
Scalar multiply
Magnitude of (x/y)
AB (vector geometry)
Midpoint M of AB
Exam questions — 5 questions · 12 marks · Edexcel 4MA1 style
⚡ Show ALL working — the AI awards method marks just like a real examiner. Partial credit for correct working even if the final answer is wrong.
3 marksDescribe transformation4MA1 Set 1 P1H Q5b style ✏️ No calculator

On a coordinate grid, shape A maps to shape B. Shape A has vertices at (1,1), (3,1), (3,2). Shape B has vertices at (−1,1), (−3,1), (−3,2). Describe fully the single transformation that maps A onto B. (3 marks)

Hint: Check each vertex. If x is negated and y stays same → reflection in y-axis. If both negate → rotation 180° about origin. State the transformation type, then all details needed.
+30 XP
3 marksEnlargement4MA1 style ✏️ No calculator

Triangle P has vertices at (2,1), (4,1), (4,3). It is enlarged with centre (0,0) and scale factor 2.5. Find the coordinates of the enlarged triangle. (3 marks)

Hint: For enlargement from origin: multiply each coordinate by the scale factor. For other centres: find the vector from centre to each vertex, multiply by SF, add back to centre.
+30 XP
4 marksVector proofGrade 7 Booklet style ✏️ No calculator

OABC is a parallelogram. OA = a and OC = c. M is the midpoint of BC. N is the midpoint of AB. Show that MN is parallel to OA. (4 marks)

Hint: Express the position vectors of M and N in terms of a and c. Find vector MN = ON − OM. If MN = k×(OA vector) for some scalar k, then MN is parallel to OA.
+40 XP
1 markColumn vector addition4MA1 style

Vector a = (3/−2) and vector b = (−1/5). What is 2a − b?

A (5/−1)
B (7/−9)
C (5/−9)
D (6/−4)
1 markScale factor negative4MA1 style

An enlargement with negative scale factor means:

A The image is smaller than the object
B The image is on the opposite side of the centre of enlargement, rotated 180°
C The image is reflected in the x-axis
D No transformation takes place
Quick recall flashcards

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