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Unit 1 · NumberPearson Edexcel IGCSE · 4MA1 Higher

Number, Indices & Standard Form

Primes, HCF/LCM, index laws, negative/fractional indices, standard form. Core non-calculator skills tested in Paper 1.

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Corbett MathsProduct of prime factors, HCF and LCM
Corbett MathsIndex laws and standard form
GCSE Maths TutorHighest Common Factor (HCF) | Higher & Foundation | GCSE Maths Tutor
GCSE Maths TutorLaws of Indices - Part 1 (Higher & Foundation) | GCSE Maths Tutor
Key facts & methods

Prime factors, HCF and LCM — fill in the table

ConceptMethod
Product of prime factors
HCF (Highest Common Factor)
LCM (Lowest Common Multiple)
Uses

Index laws — fill in the table

LawRule
Multiply
Divide
Power of a power
Negative index
Fractional index
Zero index

Standard form — fill in the table

ConceptRule
Definition
Large number
Small number
Multiply
Divide
Add / subtract
Exam questions — 4 questions · 10 marks · Edexcel 4MA1 style
⚡ Show ALL working — the AI awards method marks just like a real examiner. Partial credit for correct working even if the final answer is wrong.
3 marksPrime factors + HCF4MA1 Set 1 Paper 1H style ✏️ No calculator

(a) Write 180 as a product of its prime factors. (b) Find the HCF of 180 and 126. Show your working. (3 marks)

Hint: (a) Factor tree for 180. (b) Factor tree for 126. HCF = product of shared prime factors, using the lower power of each.
+30 XP
3 marksIndex laws4MA1 style ✏️ No calculator

Simplify: (a) 5³ × 5⁴ ÷ 5⁵ (b) (3²)⁴ (c) Write 64^(−2/3) as a fraction. (3 marks)

Hint: (a) Add powers when multiplying, subtract when dividing. (b) Multiply the powers. (c) Fractional index: 1/3 means cube root. Negative means reciprocal.
+30 XP
4 marksStandard form calculations4MA1 Set 1 P1H style ✏️ No calculator

The distance from Earth to the Sun is approximately 1.5 × 10⁸ km. Light travels at 3 × 10⁵ km per second. Calculate the time, in seconds, for light to travel from the Sun to the Earth. Give your answer in standard form. (3 marks)

Hint: Time = distance ÷ speed. Divide the A values (1.5÷3) and subtract the powers (8−5). Adjust so A is between 1 and 10.
+40 XP
1 markNegative index4MA1 style

What is the value of 4⁻²?

A −16
B −8
C 1/16
D 1/8
Quick recall flashcards

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